توسعه مدل حرفه‌ای پوشش خبر در رسانه‌های ورزشی: یک نظریه زمینه‌ای با تمرکز بر اخلاق حرفه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی ،واحد مبارکه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،اصفهان، ایران

2 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،نجف آباد، ایران

3 گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد مبارکه ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران

10.22034/jrsm.2026.7006
چکیده
مقدمه و هدف: اخلاق حرفه‌ای در رسانه‌های ورزشی نقش مهمی در تضمین دقت، انصاف و مسئولیت‌پذیری در پوشش اخبار ورزشی دارد و بر اعتماد مخاطبان و اعتبار رسانه‌ها اثرگذار است. هدف پژوهش حاضر، ارائه مدل اختصاصی پوشش خبر در رسانه‌های ورزشی ایران با تأکید بر اخلاق حرفه‌ای بود.
روش‌شناسی: این پژوهش با رویکرد کیفی و بر اساس نظریه زمینه‌ای ساخت‌گرای چارمز انجام شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان شامل 23 نفر از خبرگان مدیریت ورزشی، ارتباطات و رسانه بودند که به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و گلوله‌برفی انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌های عمیق نیمه‌ساختاریافته گردآوری شد و نمونه‌گیری تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری ادامه یافت. تحلیل داده‌ها با کدگذاری دستی و با کمک نرم‌افزار NVivo V.12 انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان داد مدل حرفه‌ای پوشش خبر در رسانه‌های ورزشی با رویکرد اخلاق حرفه‌ای از پنج محور اصلی تشکیل شده است: تولید محتوا با تأثیرگذاری محلی، تعامل مؤثر با مخاطبان اختصاصی، تنوع در محتوا و برنامه‌ها، تداوم در تطبیق با نیازهای مخاطبان و توجه به سلایق مخاطبان.
نتیجه‌گیری: این مدل بر انعکاس صحیح، دقیق و اخلاق‌مدار رخدادهای ورزشی، تطبیق محتوا و زبان با نیازها و سلایق مخاطبان و احترام به حقوق آنان تأکید دارد. توسعه بخش‌های خبری محلی و برگزاری رویدادهای تعاملی می‌تواند به ارتقای اعتماد، تعامل و کیفیت پوشش خبری رسانه‌های ورزشی کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Development of a Professional News Coverage Model in Sports Media: A Grounded Theory Focused on Professional Ethics

نویسندگان English

Ruhollah pouramini 1
Majid Khorvash 2
Elham Moshkelgosha 3
1 Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Mobarakeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
3 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Mobarakeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction and Purpose: Professional ethics in sports media plays an important role in ensuring accuracy, fairness, and accountability in sports news coverage and influences audience trust and media credibility. The purpose of this study was to propose a specialized model of news coverage in Iranian sports media with an emphasis on professional ethics.
Methodology: This qualitative study was conducted based on Charmaz’s constructivist grounded theory approach. The participants consisted of 23 experts in sports management, communication, and media, who were selected through purposive and snowball sampling. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews, and sampling continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Data analysis was performed through manual coding with the assistance of NVivo V.12 software.
Findings: The findings indicated that the professional model of sports media news coverage based on professional ethics consists of five main components: producing content with local impact, effective interaction with target audiences, diversity in content and programming, continuous adaptation to audience needs, and consideration of audience preferences.
Conclusion: The proposed model emphasizes accurate, truthful, and ethically responsible reporting of sports events, as well as the alignment of content and language with audience needs and preferences while respecting audience rights. Expanding local news sections and organizing interactive events can help enhance trust, engagement, and the quality of sports media news coverage.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

News Coverage
Sports Media
professional ethics
Sports Communication
constructivism
1.      Weimar D, Holthoff LC, Biscaia R. When sponsorship causes anger: Understanding negative fan reactions to postings on sports clubs’ online social media channels. Eur Sport Manag Q. 2022;22(3):335-357. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2020.1786593
2.      Haugh BR, Watkins B. Tag me, tweet me if you want to reach me: An investigation into how sports fans use social media. Int J Sport Commun. 2016;9(3):278-293. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2016-0044
3.      Rein I, Kotler P, Shields B. The future of sports media. Futurist. 2007;41(1):40.
4.      Wenner LA. Media, sports, and society. In: Research Handbook on Sports and Society. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing; 2021. p.111-120. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789903607.00015
5.      Gantz W. Keeping score: Reflections and suggestions for scholarship in sports and media. In: Billings AC, Hardin M, editors. Sports Media. New York: Routledge; 2012. p.7-18.
6.      Christmas CG, Fackler M, Richardson KB, Kreshel PJ. Media ethics: Cases and moral reasoning. 10th ed. New York: Routledge; 2020. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429282249
7.      Momenifar F, Raji A, Azizian N, Yarahmadi J. The extent of compliance with the media ethics in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting's sports programs. Rasaneh. 2022;33(3):133-148. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22034/bmsp.2022.151397
8.      Peck LA, Reel GS, editors. Media ethics at work: True stories from young professionals. Thousand Oaks (CA): CQ Press; 2013.
9.      McEnnis S. There He Goes: The Influencer–Sports Journalism of Fabrizio Romano on Twitter and Its Implications for Professionalism. Journal Media. 2023;4(2):430-444. https://doi.org/10.3390/journalmedia4020028
10.  Plaisance PL, Skewes EA, Hanitzsch T. Ethical orientations of journalists around the globe: Implications from a cross-national survey. Commun Res. 2012;39(5):641-661. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650212450584
11.  Esmaeelzadeh R, Darziani M. The relationship between the professional ethics and organizational citizen’s behavior in sports media of male physical educational teachers in Chaharmahal Bakhtiari. Commun Manag Sport Media. 2017;4(3):37-42. (In Persian).
12.  Magrath R. “Progress… slowly, but surely”: The sports media workplace, gay sports journalists, and LGBT media representation in sport. Journalism Studies. 2020;21(2):254-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2019.1639537
13.  Wanta W. The coverage of sports in print media. In: Raney AA, Bryant J, editors. Handbook of Sports and Media. New York: Routledge; 2009. p.111-122. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203873670-8
14.  Birkner T, Nölleke D. Soccer players and their media-related behavior: A contribution on the mediatization of sports. Commun Sport. 2016;4(4):367-384. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167479515588719
15.  Sainz-de-Baranda C, Adá-Lameiras A, Blanco-Ruiz M. Gender differences in sports news coverage on Twitter. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(14):5199. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145199
16.  Wood C, Benigni V. The coverage of sports on cable TV. In: Raney AA, Bryant J, editors. Handbook of Sports and Media. New York: Routledge; 2009. p.157-181. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203873670.ch9
17.  Wang G, Huan C. Negotiating climate change in public discourse: Insights from critical discourse studies. Crit Discourse Stud. 2023;20(6):1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2023.2198725
18.  English PA. The same old stories: Exclusive news and uniformity of content in sports coverage. Int J Sport Commun. 2014;7(4):477-494. https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSC.2014-0026
19.  Zaeid HF, Saihood AG, Yusur MK, Yasir NK, Hassooni HA. Analysis of the topics of sports talk shows on Iraqi satellite channels: The Captain's Program in Al-Iraqiya Sports Channel as a model. SPORT TK Rev EuroAm Cienc Deporte. 2023;12:17. https://doi.org/10.6018/sportk.563561
20.  Ostad Hassan Bana S, Soleimani M, Afkar A. Designing a model of obstacles and cultural and social consequences of news coverage of women's sports in overseas competitions. Commun Manag Sport Media. 2023. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.30473/jsm.2023.67016.1733
21.  Aghakhani A, Ahmadi S, Rezaei A. Transforming diplomatic resources into the results of football diplomacy with an emphasis on the mediating role of media coverage. Commun Manag Sport Media. 2022;9(4):72-81. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.30473/jsm.2021.57513.1503
22.  Soltani H, Majedi N, Nobakht Z. Comparison of men's and women's sports media coverage in virtual news sites. Commun Manag Sport Media. 2021;9(1):59-69. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.30473/jsm.2021.54737.1447
23.  Ghasemi H, Hosseini M, Ameri Asl H. Comparison of sports coverage on the websites of Education Ministry in provinces with emphasis on sports fields and the relationship between news and educational grade. Commun Manag Sport Media. 2020;7(4):113-124. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.30473/jsm.2020.46372.1327
24.  Mallaei M, Salimi A. Content analysis of media coverage of corruption in Iran's football: Case study of TV Program 90. Commun Manag Sport Media. 2019;7(2):111-120. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.30473/jsm.2020.49130.1355
25.  Nazarveysi H. Elected provincial network television sports programming approach to the coverage of women's sport. Commun Manag Sport Media. 2013;1(2):63-69. (In Persian).
26.  Keshkar S, Noor Bakhsh M, Ghaem Panah S. Comparing sport news content of BBC and IRNA news agencies in second half of 2013. Commun Manag Sport Media. 2015;2(2):10-20. (In Persian).
27.  Emde K, Klimmt C, Schluetz DM. Does storytelling help adolescents to process the news? A comparison of narrative news and the inverted pyramid. Journalism Studies. 2016;17(5):608-627. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2015.1006900
28.  Mateo RC, Bautista PS, Pintado PG. Towards a model of narrative in immersive journalism. Rev Lat Comun Soc. 2020;(75):341-364. https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2020-1430
29.  Zhang Y, Chen H, Zhang G, Zhu D, Lu J. Multiple science data-oriented technology roadmapping method. In: Proceedings of the Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET); 2015 Aug. Portland, USA. p.2278-2287. https://doi.org/10.1109/PICMET.2015.7273099
30.  Charmaz K. Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. London: Sage Publications; 2006.
31.  Weckend M, McCullough K, Duffield C, Bayes S, Davison C. Failure to progress or just normal? A constructivist grounded theory of physiological plateaus during childbirth. Women Birth. 2024;37(1):229-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2023.10.003
32.  Charmaz K. Constructing grounded theory. 2nd ed. London: Sage Publications; 2014.

  • تاریخ دریافت 09 فروردین 1405
  • تاریخ بازنگری 24 اردیبهشت 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 29 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 10 تیر 1405