پژوهش در مدیریت ورزشی و رفتار حرکتی

تغییرات هم‌زمان الگوهای EMG و عملکرد حرکتی طی یادگیری مهارت پرتاب دارت در دست برتر و غیر برتر

نویسندگان

یاسر خنجری 1
الهه عرب‌عامری 2
مهدی شهبازی 3
شهزاد طهماسبی 3
فریبا بهرامی 4

1 استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی دانشگاه خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی.

2 استاد گروه رفتار حرکتی و روانشناسی ورزشی دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه تهران .

3 استاد گروه رفتار حرکتی و روانشناسی ورزشی دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه تهران.

4 دانشیار گروه کنترل دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر دانشگاه تهران.

چکیده
مقدمه و هدف: اگرچه در زمینه مفهوم یادگیری حرکتی در سطح اجرا تحقیقات زیادی انجام شده است، بااین‌حال این مفهوم در سطح الگوهای EMG و مقایسه این الگوها در دست برتر و غیر برتر کمتر بررسی نشده است. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی تغییرات الگوی EMG طی یادگیری مهارت دارت در دست برتر و غیر برتر بود.

روش: نمونه‌های پژوهش حاضر را 10 نفر از دانشجویان غیر ورزشکار با میانگین سنی 5/2±23 تشکیل دادند که به طور تصادفی از جامعه دانشجویان دانشگاه تهران انتخاب و به دو گروه دست برتر(5 نفر) و دست غیربرتر(5 نفر) تقسیم شدند. به منظور اندازه گیری عملکرد پرتاب دارت و تغییرات فعالیت EMG از آنالیز واریانس با اندازه های تکراری استفاده شد.

یافته‌ها: نتایج در سطح اجرا کاهش معنی‌دار خطای مطلق پرتاب دارت و در سطح عضلات افزایش فعالیت EMG به همراه کاهش هم انقباضی عضلات را در مراحل اکتساب و یادداری در هر دو گروه نشان داد. همچنین، بین فعالیت EMG در گروه دست برتر و غیر برتر پس از اکتساب مهارت تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود نداشت.

نتیجه‌گیری: به‌طورکلی، نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که هم‌زمان با تغییرات نسبتاً ثابت اجرا طی یادگیری مهارت دارت، تغییرات نسبتاً ثابتی در الگوهای EMG نیز به وجود می‌آید، به‌طوری‌که مفهوم یادگیری حرکتی در سطح عضلات نیز قابل‌مشاهده است. همچنین، نتایج این تحقیق از وجود یک برنامه حرکتی یکسان برای کنترل دست برتر و غیر برتر حتی در شرایط کنترل انتقال دوسویه حمایت کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

الکترومایوگرافی
هم‌کوشی عضلانی
اکتساب
یادداری
انتقال دوسویه

عنوان مقاله English

The Simultaneous Changes In EMG Patterns And Motor Function During Learning Dart Throwing Skill In Dominant And Non-Dominant Hand

نویسندگان English

Yaser khanjari 1
Elahe Arab Ameri 2
Mehdi Shahbazi 3
Shahzad Tahmasebi 3
Fariba Bahrami 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Khajeh Nasiruddin Toosi University.
2 Professor, Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran.
3 Professor, Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Control, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran.
چکیده English

Aim: Although much research has been conducted on the concept of motor learning at the performance level, this concept has not been investigated at the level of EMG patterns and the comparison of these patterns in the dominant and non-dominant hand. The aim of this study was to investigate simultaneous changes in EMG pattern during learning dart skill in dominant and non-dominant hands.

Method: The participants of the present study consisted of 10 non-athlete students with a mean age of 23 ± 2.5 years who were randomly selected from the student community of the University of Tehran and divided into two groups of dominant hand (5) and non-dominant hand (5). Repeated measures ANOVA were used to measure data at the dart throwing performance and changes in EMG activity.

Results: The results showed a significant decrease in the absolute error of dart throwing at the performance level and an increase in EMG activity at the muscle level along with a decrease in muscle co-contraction in the acquisition and retention stages in both groups. Also, there was no significant difference between EMG activity in the dominant and non-dominant hand groups after skill acquisition.

Conclusion: Generally, the results of this study showed that along with relatively constant changes in performance during dart skill learning, relatively constant changes in EMG patterns also occur, so that the concept of motor learning is also observed at the muscle level. Also, the results of this study supported the existence of the same motor program for dominant and non-dominant hand control, even in the conditions of bilateral transfer control.


کلیدواژه‌ها English

Electromyography
Muscle Synergy
acquisition
retention
Bilateral Transfer
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