تاثیر خستگی ذهنی و بدنی بر توجه و عملکرد پرتاب آزاد بسکتبالیست‌های ماهر و مبتدی

نویسندگان

دانشکده تربیت بدنی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر خستگی ذهنی و بدنی بر توجه و عملکرد پرتاب آزاد در بسکتبالیست‌های ماهر و مبتدی بود. این مطالعه به روش نیمه‌تجربی و با طرح پیش‌آزمون–پس‌آزمون روی ۳۰ بسکتبالیست زن (۱۵ ماهر و ۱۵ مبتدی) انجام شد. برای القای خستگی ذهنی از نرم‌افزار استروپ پیچیده و برای خستگی بدنی از پروتکل خستگی ویژه بسکتبال استفاده شد. توجه انتخابی و توزیع‌شده و دقت پرتاب آزاد به‌عنوان شاخص‌های عملکرد اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که خستگی ذهنی در گروه مبتدی باعث کاهش معنادار در دقت توجه و عملکرد پرتاب آزاد شد، اما در گروه ماهر تأثیر خستگی ذهنی بر عملکرد پرتاب معنادار نبود. خستگی بدنی در هر دو گروه منجر به کاهش معنادار در دقت توجه و عملکرد پرتاب شد. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که بازیکنان ماهر مقاومت بیشتری در برابر آثار منفی خستگی ذهنی دارند، اما خستگی بدنی همچنان عملکرد آن‌ها را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. این نتایج اهمیت طراحی تمرین‌های هدفمند برای ارتقاء عملکرد در شرایط خستگی را برجسته می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

The effect of mental and physical fatigue on attention and free throw performance of skilled and novice basketball players

نویسندگان English

Mozhgan Fallah
Mahta Eskandarnejad
Behzad Behzadnia
Faculty of Physical Education, University of Tabriz
چکیده English

abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mental and physical fatigue on attention and free-throw performance in skilled and novice basketball players. Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test–post-test design on 30 female basketball players (15 skilled and 15 novice) from Tabriz city. Mental fatigue was induced using a complex Stroop task, and physical fatigue was induced via a basketball-specific movement protocol. Selective and distributed attention and free-throw accuracy were assessed as performance indicators. Results: Results showed that mental fatigue significantly decreased attention accuracy and free-throw performance in novices, whereas it had no significant effect on free-throw performance in skilled players. Physical fatigue significantly reduced attention accuracy and free-throw performance in both groups. Conclutions: Findings highlight that skilled players are more resistant to the negative effects of mental fatigue, but physical fatigue still impairs their performance. These results emphasize the importance of targeted training programs to maintain performance under fatigue conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Mental Fatigue
physical fatigue
Attention
free-throw
Basketball
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