پژوهش در مدیریت ورزشی و رفتار حرکتی

تاثیر الگوی درحال‌یادگیری، الگوی ماهر و خودمرورگری مثبت بر یادگیری شنای کرال سینه درکودکان

نویسندگان

مجید رضوی نیا
شهاب پروین پور
سعید ارشم

دانشگاه خوارزمی

https://doi.org/10.29252/JRSM.10.19.105
چکیده
هدف این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر الگوی در حال یادگیری، الگوی ماهر و خود مرورگری مثبت بر یادگیری شنای کرال سینه در کودکان با دامنه‌ی سنی ۹ تا ۱۱ ساله استان البرز بود. شرکت کنندگان از نمونه در دسترس و به صورت تصادفی درگروه‌های مختلف تقسیم شدند. بدین ترتیب افراد همه‌ گروه‌ها باتوجه به دستورالعمل هایی که مربوط به گروهی که در آن قرار داشتند، در مجموع ۱۲ جلسه به تمرین مهارت های شنای کرال سینه پرداختند. درپایان آخرین جلسه آزمون یادداری فوری و یک هفته پس از آن آزمون یادداری و انتقال گرفته شد. متغیر وابسته کیفیت شنای افراد بود که با استفاده از چک لیست ارزیابی مهارت شنای کرال سینه انجام گرفت. نتیجه‌ی تحقیق حاکی از سودمندی هر سه نوع الگودهی بر عملکرد شنای کرال سینه و تفاوت معنادار بین گروه‌ها در آزمون اکتساب، یادداری و انتقال بود (۰۵/۰ p<). همچنین در مقایسه‌ی بین گروه‌ها گروه خودمرروگری مثبت و الگوی درحال یادگیری در آزمون یادداری فوری از گروه الگوی ماهر و کنترل بهتر بودند.‌گروه الگوی ماهر نیز نمرات بهتری از گروه کنترل داشت. در آزمون‌های یادداری و انتقال گروه خودمرورگری مثبت از سه گروه (درحال یادگیری، ماهر، کنترل) عملکرد بهتری داشت. بعد از آن گروه الگوی درحال یادگیری از دو گروه (ماهر و کنترل) بهتر بود و در آخر گروه الگوی ماهر از گروه کنترل بهتر عمل کردند. براساس این یافته‌ها می‌توان چنین نتیجه‌گیری کرد، در جایی که دسترسی به امکانات ویدئویی وجود دارد، می‌توان از الگودهی استفاده کرد. چه بسا آموزش از این طریق، به لحاظ صرف وقت و هزینه برای شاگردان، مربیان، معلمان و والدین سودمندتر است و موجب یادگیری بیشتر و پایدارتر می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

الگوی درحال یادگیری
الگوی ماهر
خودمرورگری مثبت
شنای کرال سینه
یادگیری مشاهده‌ای

عنوان مقاله English

The Effects of the Learning Model, Skilled Model, and Positive Self-review on the Learning of Front Crawl Swimming in Children

نویسندگان English

Majid Razavinia
Shahab Parvinpour
Saeed Arsham
Kharazmi University
چکیده English

One of the main goals of the mission of experts motor learning is maximize the quality of learning experiences and optimize the educational environment .The purpose of this study was focusing on the effects of learning model, skilled model and positive self-review crawl on learning in children aged 9 to 11 years in Alborz Province. Participants of the random and available samples divided into different groups. Thus, Participants of all groups practiced three time in a week which have 20 attempt to practice in every session and totally all the crawl swimming exercises were finished at 12 session. at the end of the twelfth session acquisition test and a week after the end of the last session retention and transfer tests were taken. The dependent variable was the quality of Participants which was performed by swimming instructor-notch swimming using crawl skills assessment Czech list. The results indicate the advantage of the three types of model crawl performance and significant difference between groups in the acquisition, retention and transfer test) p<0/05(.Also, positive self-review and learning model groups was considerably better than skilled model and control group in Acquisition test. Furthermore, skilled model group scores are really higher than the control group. Positive self-review groups had the best performance in the retention and transfer tests in comparison with the other groups (learning model, skilled model and control). After that, learning model group was more effective than the rest of them (skilled model and Control groups). Finally, control groups had lowest performance among all mentioned groups

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Observational learning
learning model
skilled model
positive self-review
front crawl swimming
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