اثر تمرین تکلیف دوگانه بر تعادل زنان سالمند: با رویکرد تکالیف شناختی و حرکتی

نویسندگان

چکیده
هدف تحقیق حاضر، تعیین تاثیر دو نوع برنامه تمرینی تکلیف دوگانه شناختی و حرکتی بر تعادل پویای زنان سالمند بود. به­این منظور 27 نفر از سالمندان زن 60 تا 82 ساله عضو مرکز نگهداری روزانه سالمندان شهر بیرجند با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند، سپس بر اساس نمرات پیش‌آزمون برخاستن و رفتن زماندار(TUG)، همتا‌سازی شده و در دو گروه آزمایشی تمرین دوگانه حرکتی و تمرین دوگانه شناختی و یک گروه کنترل جای‌گرفتند. گروه­های تجربی تمرینات را به مدت چهار هفته، هفته‌ای سه جلسه 45 دقیقه‌ای انجام دادند. گروه­های تمرین تکلیف دوگانه شناختی و حرکتی، همزمان با اجرای تکلیف تعادلی، به­ترتیب برخی تکالیف شناختی و حرکتی را انجام میدادند. گروه کنترل نیز طی مدت اجرای تحقیق به فعالیت عادی خود ادامه داد. نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس مرکب (3 گروه * 2 عامل زمان) با تکرار سنجش عامل آخر نشان داد هردو نوع شیوه تمرینی تکلیف دوگانه شناختی و حرکتی باعث بهبود معنیدار در تعادل پویای سالمندان شد (05/0>p)، اما بین اثربخشی این دو روش تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد (05/0p). از این‌رو می‌توان با طراحی تمرینات تعادلی مبتنی بر روش‌های تکلیف دوگانه، توانایی‌های شناختی و حرکتی و تقسیم مناسب توجه را بهبود بخشید و با بهبود این توانایی‌ها خطر زمین‌خوردن را در این قشر از جامعه کاهش‌داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

The effect of dual-task training on balance of elderly women: with the motor and cognitive approach

نویسندگان English

Elham Azim Zadeh
Vahid Faghihi
Abdolah Ghasemi
چکیده English

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of motor and cognitive dual-task training on dynamic balance of elderly women. For this purpose, 27 old women (aged 60 -82 years) from the old people center of Birjand city were selected randomly and divided into 3 groupd based on their TUG scores. The groups comprised of cognitive dual-task training, motor dual-task training and control. Two experimental groups received their specific interventions for 4 weeks, 3 times a week and 45-min each session. The motor and cognitive dual-task groups performed some motor or cognitive tasks respectively, concurrent with the balance training. For data analysis, mixed ANOVA (3*2) with repeated measures were used. It was found that both motor and cognitive dual-task training methods had significant improvement in dynamic balance of elderly women (p<0.05). But there was no significant difference between these two methods (p>0/05). Therefore, dual-task balance training, either motor or cognitive methods can improve the allocation of the attention into the concurrent tasks and consequently improve balance and decrease the rate of falling in old women.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Motor dual-task training
Cogitive dual-task training
dynamic balance
elderly women
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