Azarbaijan shahid madani university , ipak65@gmail.com
Abstract: (81 Views)
Objectives: Stereotypes consist of an organized set of characteristics and roles deemed appropriate for men and women, which can influence a person's perception, abilities, and performance. The current research aimed to psychometrically evaluate the Persian version of the Gender Stereotypes in Sports Scale.
Materials and Methods: The study's statistical population included both amateur and professional football athletes, as well as active staff and agents involved in sports teams. A total of 384 participants (200 men and 184 women) completed the Gender Stereotypes in Sports Scale through accessible means. This questionnaire consists of sixteen items measured on a five-point Likert scale. To examine the factor structure, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis using the principal components method. We assessed reliability using Cronbach's alpha and determined construct validity through confirmatory factor analysis. The results were analyzed using Amos version 26 software.
Results: The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the questionnaire was estimated at 0.87, and the content validity index for each item was higher than 0.78. Furthermore, three factors accounted for 82.24% of the total variance. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that all indicators, including RMSEA, GFI, and AGFI, were at acceptable levels.
Conclusions: Based on the findings, the Gender Stereotypes in Sports Scale, comprising sixteen questions, demonstrates appropriate validity and reliability. It offers new research opportunities for scholars in the field.
Materials and Methods: The study's statistical population included both amateur and professional football athletes, as well as active staff and agents involved in sports teams. A total of 384 participants (200 men and 184 women) completed the Gender Stereotypes in Sports Scale through accessible means. This questionnaire consists of sixteen items measured on a five-point Likert scale. To examine the factor structure, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis using the principal components method. We assessed reliability using Cronbach's alpha and determined construct validity through confirmatory factor analysis. The results were analyzed using Amos version 26 software.
Results: The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the questionnaire was estimated at 0.87, and the content validity index for each item was higher than 0.78. Furthermore, three factors accounted for 82.24% of the total variance. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that all indicators, including RMSEA, GFI, and AGFI, were at acceptable levels.
Conclusions: Based on the findings, the Gender Stereotypes in Sports Scale, comprising sixteen questions, demonstrates appropriate validity and reliability. It offers new research opportunities for scholars in the field.
Keywords: Construct Validity, Reliability, Gender Equality, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
motor behavior
Received: 2025/02/9 | Accepted: 2025/06/29 | ePublished ahead of print: 2025/06/29
Received: 2025/02/9 | Accepted: 2025/06/29 | ePublished ahead of print: 2025/06/29
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