Volume 8, Issue 16 (12-2018)                   JRSM 2018, 8(16): 93-102 | Back to browse issues page


XML Persian Abstract Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Habibi Far F, Farsi A, Abdoli B. The Effect of Dual Task Interference on Gait in Aging: Role of Working Memory Components. JRSM 2018; 8 (16) :93-102
URL: http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2775-en.html
Abstract:   (5831 Views)
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of concurrent cognitive tasks activating phonological loop and visuospatial scratchpad of working memory on gait in older adults.12 older adults with the age range of 65-70 years performed walking trials in 3 counterbalanced testing conditions including single walking, walking while performing visuospatial task and walking while performing phonological task. Walking trials were recorded by Motion Analysis system during the test session. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze the gait parameters. The findings indicated a significant difference between 3 testing conditions in step time, cadence, acceleration amplitude variability and step width. The results also showed that in dual task condition, visuospatial scratchpad activation interferes with elderly gait more so than the phonological loop activation. Therefore, it seems that visuospatial scratchpad component of working memory might be specifically used for planning and carrying out gait as a motor task.
Full-Text [PDF 1025 kb]   (1311 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: motor behavior
Received: 2017/08/19 | Accepted: 2017/12/31 | Published: 2018/11/29

References
1. Borel, L., & Alescio-Lautier, B. (2014). Posture and cognition in the elderly: interaction and contribution to the rehabilitation strategies. Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology, 44(1), 95-107. [DOI:10.1016/j.neucli.2013.10.129]
2. Wollesen, B., & Voelcker-Rehage, C. (2014). Training effects on motor-cognitive dual-task performance in older adults. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 11(1), 5-24. [DOI:10.1007/s11556-013-0122-z]
3. Beurskens, R., & Bock, O. (2012). Age-related deficits of dual-task walking: a review. Neural plasticity, 2012. [DOI:10.1155/2012/131608]
4. Byrne, J. E., Stergiou, N., Blanke, D., Houser, J. J., Kurz, M. J., & Hageman, P. A. (2002). Comparison of gait patterns between young and elderly women: an examination of coordination. Perceptual and motor skills, 94(1), 265-280. [DOI:10.2466/pms.2002.94.1.265]
5. Menz, H. B., Lord, S. R., & Fitzpatrick, R. C. (2003). Age‐related differences in walking stability. Age and ageing, 32(2), 137-142. [DOI:10.1093/ageing/32.2.137]
6. Woollacott, M., & Shumway-Cook, A. (2002). Attention and the control of posture and gait: a review of an emerging area of research. Gait & posture, 16(1), 1-14. [DOI:10.1016/S0966-6362(01)00156-4]
7. Springer, S., Giladi, N., Peretz, C., Yogev, G., Simon, E. S., & Hausdorff, J. M. (2006). Dual‐tasking effects on gait variability: The role of aging, falls, and executive function. Movement Disorders, 21(7), 950-957. [DOI:10.1002/mds.20848]
8. Beauchet, O., Dubost, V., Aminian, K., Gonthier, R., & Kressig, R. W. (2005). Dual-task-related gait changes in the elderly: does the type of cognitive task matter?. Journal of motor behavior, 37(4), 259.
9. Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., Howerter, A., & Wager, T. D. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "frontal lobe" tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive psychology, 41(1), 49-100. [DOI:10.1006/cogp.1999.0734]
10. Baddeley, A. (2003). Working memory: looking back and looking forward. Nature reviews neuroscience, 4(10), 829-839. [DOI:10.1038/nrn1201]
11. Kerr, B., Condon, S. M., & McDonald, L. A. (1985). Cognitive spatial processing and the regulation of posture. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 11(5), 617. [DOI:10.1037/0096-1523.11.5.617]
12. Maylor, E. A., & Wing, A. M. (1996). Age differences in postural stability are increased by additional cognitive demands. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 51(3), P143-P154. [DOI:10.1093/geronb/51B.3.P143]
13. Maylor, E. A., Allison, S., & Wing, A. M. (2001). Effects of spatial and nonspatial cognitive activity on postural stability. British Journal of Psychology,92(2), 319-338. [DOI:10.1348/000712601162211]
14. Vander Velde, T., & Woollacott, M. (2008). Non-visual spatial tasks reveal increased interactions with stance postural control. Brain research, 1208, 95-102. [DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.03.005]
15. Sturnieks, D. L., George, R. S., Fitzpatrick, R. C., & Lord, S. R. (2008). Effects of spatial and nonspatial memory tasks on choice stepping reaction time in older people. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 63(10), 1063-1068. [DOI:10.1093/gerona/63.10.1063]
16. Chong, R. K., Mills, B., Dailey, L., Lane, E., Smith, S., & Lee, K. H. (2010). Specific interference between a cognitive task and sensory organization for stance balance control in healthy young adults: visuospatial effects.Neuropsychologia, 48(9), 2709-2718. [DOI:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.05.018]
17. Shumway-Cook, A., Woollacott, M., Kerns, K. A., & Baldwin, M. (1997). The effects of two types of cognitive tasks on postural stability in older adults with and without a history of falls. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 52(4), M232-M240. [DOI:10.1093/gerona/52A.4.M232]
18. Hausdorff, J. M., Schweiger, A., Herman, T., Yogev-Seligmann, G., & Giladi, N. (2008). Dual-task decrements in gait: contributing factors among healthy older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 63(12), 1335-1343. [DOI:10.1093/gerona/63.12.1335]
19. Faulkner, K. A., Redfern, M. S., Cauley, J. A., Landsittel, D. P., Studenski, S. A., Rosano, C., ... & Newman, A. B. (2007). Multitasking: association between poorer performance and a history of recurrent falls. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 55(4), 570-576. [DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01147.x]
20. Martin, K. L., Blizzard, L., Wood, A. G., Srikanth, V., Thomson, R., Sanders, L. M., & Callisaya, M. L. (2012). Cognitive function, gait, and gait variability in older people: a population-based study. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, gls224. [DOI:10.1093/gerona/gls224]
21. Qu, X. (2014). Age-related cognitive task effects on gait characteristics: do different working memory components make a difference?. Age (year), 23(1.6), 66-5. [DOI:10.1186/1743-0003-11-149]
22. Regnaux, J.P., Roberston, J., Smail, D.B., Daniel, O., Bussel, B. (2006). Human treadmill walking needs attention. J. Neuroeng. Rehabil. 3, 19. [DOI:10.1186/1743-0003-3-19]
23. Beauchet, O., Dubost, V., Allali, G., Gonthier, R., Hermann, F. R., & Kressig, R. W. (2007). 'Faster counting while walking'as a predictor of falls in older adults. Age and ageing, 36(4), 418-423. [DOI:10.1093/ageing/afm011]
24. Patel, P., & Bhatt, T. (2014). Task matters: influence of different cognitive tasks on cognitive-motor interference during dual-task walking in chronic stroke survivors. Topics in stroke rehabilitation, 21(4), 347-357. [DOI:10.1310/tsr2104-347]
25. Hausdorff, J. M., Rios, D. A., & Edelberg, H. K. (2001). Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: a 1-year prospective study. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 82(8), 1050-1056. [DOI:10.1053/apmr.2001.24893]
26. Hollman, J. H., McDade, E. M., & Petersen, R. C. (2011). Normative spatiotemporal gait parameters in older adults. Gait & posture, 34(1), 111-118. [DOI:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.03.024]
27. Dietz, V. (2003). Spinal cord pattern generators for locomotion. Clinical Neurophysiology, 114(8), 1379-1389. [DOI:10.1016/S1388-2457(03)00120-2]
28. Tessitore, A., Esposito, F., Vitale, C., Santangelo, G., Amboni, M., Russo, A., ... & Tedeschi, G. (2012). Default-mode network connectivity in cognitively unimpaired patients with Parkinson disease. Neurology, 79(23), 2226-2232. [DOI:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31827689d6]
29. Nantel, J., McDonald, J. C., Tan, S., & Bronte-Stewart, H. (2012). Deficits in visuospatial processing contribute to quantitative measures of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience, 221, 151-156. [DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.07.007]
30. Ruthruff, E., Pashler, H. E., & Klaassen, A. (2001). Processing bottlenecks in dual-task performance: Structural limitation or strategic postponement?. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8(1), 73-80. [DOI:10.3758/BF03196141]
31. Yogev‐Seligmann, G., Hausdorff, J. M., & Giladi, N. (2008). The role of executive function and attention in gait. Movement disorders, 23(3), 329-342. [DOI:10.1002/mds.21720]
32. Gruber O, von Cramon DY. The functional neuroanatomy of human working memory revisited: Evidence from 3-T fMRI studies using classical domain-specific interference tasks. Neuroimage 2003;19(3): 797-809. [DOI:10.1016/S1053-8119(03)00089-2]
33. Alichniewicz KK, Brunner F, Klünemann HH, Greenlee MW. Structural and functional neural correlates of visuospatial information processing in normal aging and amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Neurobiol Aging 2012; 33(12): 2782-97. [DOI:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.02.010]
34. Malouin F, Richards CL, Jackson PL, Dumas F, Doyon J. Brain activations during motor imagery of locomotor‐related tasks: A PET study. Hum Brain Mapp 2003;19(1): 47-62. [DOI:10.1002/hbm.10103]
35. Miyai I, Tanabe HC, Sase I, Eda H, Oda I, et al. Cortical mapping of gait in humans: a near-infrared spectroscopic topography study. Neuroimage 2001;14(5):1186-92. [DOI:10.1006/nimg.2001.0905]
36. Dault, M. C., Frank, J. S., & Allard, F. (2001). Influence of a visuo-spatial, verbal and central executive working memory task on postural control. Gait & posture, 14(2), 110-116. [DOI:10.1016/S0966-6362(01)00113-8]
37. Nadkarni, N. K., Zabjek, K., Lee, B., McIlroy, W. E., & Black, S. E. (2010). Effect of working memory and spatial attention tasks on gait in healthy young and older adults. Motor control, 14(2), 195-210. [DOI:10.1123/mcj.14.2.195]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2024 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb