1 2252-0716 3115 sport management Strategies for the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of Kharazmi University in 1404 with Approach of Fourth Generation Universities Peymanfar Mohamad Hasan b b Kharazmi University 1 9 2022 12 23 1 19 05 04 2021 12 01 2022 Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of Kharazmi University is the first and oldest center of higher education in the Iranian sports industry. Therefore, being a leader in moving towards fourth generation universities can be a model for other faculties across the country. To this end, the present study has reviewed and analyzed strategically in this field using the new three-branch model TOPSIS-SWOT-FIFs and presented related strategies on the Vision of 2025. In the strategic studies section, experts in the field of sports sciences as members of the strategic council (11 people), and in the quantitative section, all faculty members and staffs (40 people) formed the present research community. The findings of the present study are the result of the efforts of more than 100 people-hours of the research community and include 14 macro strategies and 65 strategic actions in 4 axes of growth and development. In this regard, it seems that in order to be a leader in the fourth generation universities and also to achieve its mission, the development of an executive model of strategies can be the first step to achieve the developed vision.
3045 motor behavior The Effect of Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) Approach on Aerobic Endurance, Motor Performance and Promoting Physical Activity Among Ten-year-old Boys Sabzevari Shahreza Fatemeh c Parvinpour Shahab d Namazizadeh Mahdi e c Islamic Azad University of Central Tehran Branch d , Kharazmi University of Tehran e , Islamic Azad University Isfahan Khorasgan Branch 1 9 2022 12 23 20 35 23 09 2020 15 02 2021 The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of teaching games for understanding approach (TGfU) on aerobic endurance, enhancing motor performance and promoting physical activity. To this end, the ten-year-old (mean age=10.2 years, SD 0.7) students in two fourth-grade classes at a school in Sirjan were randomly divided into control and experimental group (N= 22 for each group). First, all participants were given Canadian Agility and Movement Skills Assessment (CAMSA) and Pacer test were taken and their level of physical activity was measured and recorded with a pedometer. The students in the experimental group participated in an intervention program for 36 sessions each for 45 minutes. The participants in the control group followed the usual program. Finally in the end of the intervention, the-second-time- performed tests were given to both groups. Mann-Whitney U test and “Poisson regression analysis” by using GEE method" was used to data analyze. Finally, the same tests were performed after intervention program for both groups. Results indicated that, this approach can play a significant role on agility and movement skills and level of physical activity, while no significant difference was observed on aerobic endurance. The results support the hypothesis that the use of TGfU approach can be effective in facilitating the development of motor performance and improving the level of physical activity among children. 3012 motor behavior Relationship between Visual Impairments and Motor Problems Children 3-6 Age with Low Birth Weight Abbaszadeh Ali f Ghasemi Abdolah g Heirani Ali h Zare Zadeh Mahshid i f Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University g Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University h Razi University i Shahid Bahonar University 1 9 2022 12 23 36 54 12 07 2020 24 05 2021 Abstract Birth weight is one of the most important indicators of neonatal health in any society and is considered as the best tool to measure the outcome of pregnancy and the most important factor in determining the incidence of disease or death of the infant. The purpose of this study was to investigating relationship between visual impairments and motor problems in children 3-6 age with very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight. The participants of this study were 88 children, 54 children with very low birth weight and 34 children with extremely low birth weight who were selected as available. The MABC-2 test were used evaluated motor performances and visual functions such as visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, Stereo acuity, Strabismus, nystagmus, Accommodation, convergence and visual perception measuring by a pediatric ophthalmologist. Pearson correlation coefficient test with bootstrap confidence intervals was used to examine the relationship between each of the visual measurements and motor function. Also, a two-string point coefficient was used to determine the relationship between motor function and eye deviation and nystagmus. The results showed that the rate of visual and motor disorders in the two groups of preterm children was high compared to the healthy population, but there was no significant relationship between visual deficits and movement problems in the two groups of preterm children. This means that vision impairment does not lead to motor problems in preterm children. 2670 motor behavior The Effect of Motor Dependent/Independent Visual Perception Training on Visual-Motor Integration and Fine Motor Skills of 7-8-year-old Children: The Retest of Movement Hypothesis Hamboushi Laleh j Arabameri Elaheh k Shahbazi Mehdi l Zeidabady Rasoul m j Islamic Azad University of Sabzevar k University of Tehran l University of Tehran m Hakim Sabzevari University 1 9 2022 12 23 55 70 29 05 2018 30 09 2018 The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of motor dependent/independent visual perception training on visual-motor integration and fine motor skills of 7-8 year old children .For this purpose, 107,  1st grade  primary school students in Sabzevar were selected through purposive sampling (with equal economical and cultural status , optimum mental and physical health and full sight with or without wearing glasses) and randomly divided into two experimental (no=32)and a control group (no=43). After attending a pre-test session, one of the experimental groups was trained in movement dependent visual-perception tasks while the other group performed movement independent visual-perception tasks.  Both groups performed their tasks for three sessions, 45-minute per week and for six consecutive weeks. Shapiro-Wilk and Levin test results confirmed the normality and homogenity of data and ANCOVA showed that both training programs significantly improved visual-motor integration and fine motor skills of 7 to 8 years old children. However, Bonferroni test indicated that there were no significant differences between the movement dependent and independent training programs. The data analysis was performed by using SPSS 19.0. The results of this study confirmed the purposed "movement" hypothesis stating that the significant contributor to the development of perception and perceptual-motor components is not the active or passive movements of the individual, but rather it is the attention of the person to the visual stimuli within the environment. 2719 motor behavior The Level of Agreement Among Selected Motor Competency Tools in Children Khodaverdi Zeinab n Bahram Abbas o Khalaji Hassan p Kazemnejad Anoshirvan Ghadiri Farhad n Kharazmi University o Kharazmi University p University of Arak Tarbiat Modares University Kharazmi University 1 9 2022 12 23 71 86 28 08 2018 24 11 2018 This study aimed to address agreement level of performances on 3 selected motor skill assessment tools in a sample of Iranian first to fourth graders aged 7-10 year olds. The convenience sample included 164 healthy girls from public schools.  A Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated on the association between MABC-2, KTK and TGMD-3 performances in graders. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to compare performances means across grade levels. Low-to-moderate correlations were found between assessments across age in each assessment. In general, girls demonstrated higher scores across age cohorts. In conclusion, low-to-moderate associations among assessments instruments provide different pictures/levels of motor competency and should not be used interchangeably in studies.  2939 motor behavior A Survey of the Performance Profile of Winning and Losing Male Karatekas in the World Leagues 2017 and 2018 Mousavi Seyedeh Masoumeh Pouraghaei Zahra Aslankhani Mohammadali Allameh Tabataba’i University Allameh Tabataba’i University Shahid Beheshti University 1 9 2022 12 23 87 106 24 01 2020 09 01 2021 Introduction & Objective: Technical and tactical performance analysis of athletes is always considered to improve their performance and other athletes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the technical and tactical performance profile of elite karate players in different weight groups. Tools and Methods: In this descriptive study, the functional profile of the winning and losing karate players in the league was evaluated. Data were collected using Kinovea software. Excel software was used for data analysis. The studied variables were attack tactics, counterattack, upper and lower limbs techniques and combined techniques. Results: The frequency of attacks was close at different weights. But the winners’ attacks were more effective. The use of single-handed techniques was more common. The winners gained the most from single-handed techniques. Of the total leg kicks by the winners, 10 percent resulted in points. Conclusion: According to the findings, there is a need for specific training programs for single hand techniques and counterattack tactics in further training. Simulating different periods in competition and working on specific tactics will help develop karate athletes. 2957 motor behavior The Effect of Attention on Quiet Eye Behavior and Accuracy of Execution on a Targeting Task Memarmoghaddam Mozhgan Ali Asghari Toyeh Masoumeh Mohammadi Mitra Mazandaran University Mazandaran University Non-profit organization Adib Mazandaran 1 9 2022 12 23 107 121 01 03 2020 07 12 2020 The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of focusing attention on quiet eye behavior and accuracy of execution on dart throwing skills. For this purpose, 20 male students in dart beginner (age range 19-22 years old) were voluntarily selected. All participants performed external and internal attention instructions in a counterbalanced manner. Thus, Participants first made 10 attempts at baseline (without attentive instructions). Then performed a total of 20 training attempts as counterbalance in both external and internal attention strategies. In all trials, visual system information was recorded using an eye tracking device and the radial error formula was used to measure accuracy. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA (P=0.05). The results showed that the accuracy of throwing was significantly improved in external attention condition compared to baseline and internal conditions (P=0.001). The results also indicate that the quiet eye period was longer in the external focus condition than in the inner attention condition (P=0.001). According to the results of this study, it can be assumed that quiet eye duration is one of the essential mechanisms in execution accuracy of targeting skill in beginners, and that focusing attention in addition to execution accuracy is also effective on quiet eye duration.   3053 sport management Creating a Competitive Advantage in Sports Businesses: The Role of Input Sources, Market Position and Creativity Ramezanlo kiomars Benar Noshin Saeedi Fatemeh University of Guilan University of Guilan University of Guilan 1 9 2022 12 23 122 144 25 10 2020 24 05 2021 The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of input sources, market position and creativity in creating a competitive advantage for sports businesses. This research was a descriptive-survey and in terms of practical purpose. The statistical population of this study consisted of managers of water sports recreational complexes in Tehran. To collect the data needed to test the hypotheses, a field method and a questionnaire were used. To obtain more confidence in the results, 80 questionnaires were distributed among managers in purposeful way in relation to the distribution of water sports complexes in five districts of Tehran province of which 75 questionnaires were analyzed. Findings showed that Input resources, market positioning and creativity power has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage. The results of this study are the purposefulness of the hybrid approach due to the ability to properly use input resources including human, organizational and financial resources, attention to customer capital and having competitive intelligence as creators and stabilizers in the market and also capital of innovation, information technology capability and knowledge management as the most important resources and elements in using creativity, they can bring a competitive advantage to businesses. 3085 sport management Qualitative Analysis of the Pathology of Human Capital in Professional Football in Iran Case Study: Professional Referees of the Iranian Football Premier League Shajie Kianoosh Talebpour Mahdi Azimzadeh Seyed Morteza Keshtidar Mohammad Heydari Reza Ferdowsi university of Mashhad Ferdowsi university of Mashhad Ferdowsi university of Mashhad Ferdowsi university of Mashhad Ferdowsi university of Mashhad 1 9 2022 12 23 145 167 01 01 2021 23 08 2021 Football referees are one of the main and central components of football and face many problems that if not paid attention and identified injuries that reduce their performance and irreparable damage to the football body; Therefore, the purpose of this study was to qualitatively analyze the pathology of human capital of professional football in Iran, which was a case study on professional referees in the Iranian Football Premier League.This research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical method and qualitative research in terms of implementation. Data collection tools were library resources, interviews and Delphi questionnaire. The statistical population in the interview section included all the elites in the field of football refereeing and familiar with human capital issues, which targeted 20 people, and in the Delphi section, all international and national referees of professional football in Iran, 25 of them targeted and snowball. Sample titles were considered. Open and axial coding, summarizing and filtering techniques were used to extract the raw data. Finally, all 57 injuries identified in the Iranian football refereeing department were confirmed by research experts. It can be concluded that structural, contextual and behavioral injuries are very important in the human group of judges. Undoubtedly, the results of the research can be used as a beacon in the future plans of the Iranian Football Federation, especially the referees' committee and department, and can be used in determining policies. 3063 sport management Social Responsibility of Professional Athletes during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study Afroozeh Mohammadsadegh Safari Hamidreza Firoozian Mohammad Jahrom University Jahrom University Islamic Azad University of Shiraz 1 9 2022 12 23 168 187 06 11 2020 23 08 2021 According to the concept of social responsibility, since professional athletes are members of society and, like other members of society, are responsible for their environment, it is necessary for them both to improve their sportive, economic and social performance and to promote the social living standards of the people of the society. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the social responsibility of professional athletes during Coronavirus pandemic. The research design was qualitative and was conducted through Grounded theory Also, the statistical sample of the research consisted of fourteen athletes, experts and faculty members who underwent interview. Also, the findings were analyzed through coding method in three stages open, axial and selective, and a set of basic themes was collected during the open coding process and categories were extracted from them, accordingly. Then, in the axial and selective coding stage, the link between these categories was determined under the headings of contexts, strategies and consequences. Based on the results, nine-three marks were identified in the coding, which were placed in 20 categories. According to the results, it is suggested that top officials and decision makers in sports, with awareness of the high potential of athlete’s social influence, to plan preventive policies in relation to the critical condition of COVID-19 Pandemic and considering the social responsibility of athletes in this context, make their own decisions. 3105 sport management Pathology of the Consequences of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Physical Education in Schools: Representing Challenges and Providing Effective Strategies Ramezaninejad Rahim Nazari Samaneh Besharatimoghadam Maryam Ziya Mohammad Javad University of Guilan University of Guilan University of Guilan University of Guilan 1 9 2022 12 23 188 214 21 02 2021 13 06 2021 The purpose of this research is the pathology of Covid-19 consequences on PE in schools with representing the challenges based on other countries` educational programs and experience. Using the library study method, 100 articles were analyzed and the research data was classified into two forms of challenges and strategies. Findings showed that challenges have appeared including online education challenge (students, parents, and teachers), psychological and social challenge, formation of a new generation of PE students, change of the nature of PE class, challenge of the students with special needs, economic challenge, and school closure. In the second part, effective strategies such as providing counseling programs to solve online education problems, specific educational strategies, professional development for PE teachers, the role of family, parents, principals and school staff, psychological solutions, reducing incompatibility and instability of interpersonal relationships, maintaining the empirical nature and dynamism of PE class, and physical activity strategy after the reopening of schools have been introduced. Finally, the government and educational institutions alongside families can take effective steps, according to the contingent educational conditions, to improve and innovate PE programs in the country's schools, especially during Corona, while reducing the negative effects of Corona outbreak and using existing capacities. 3260 sport management The Impact of Relationship Marketing on the Purchase Behavior of Sport Customers: A Case Study of Stephan’s Spectators Taherikia Maryam Elahi Alireza Akbari Yazdi Hossein Kharazmi University Kharazmi University Kharazmi University 1 9 2022 12 23 215 227 08 11 2022 01 09 2022 In recent decades, sports organizations have paid special attention to the importance of considering the purchase behavior of customers. Meanwhile, the variables that can have an impact on customers' purchase behavior have been considered. This study aimed to determine the causal relationship between relationship marketing and purchase behavior of spectators using structural equation modeling. For this purpose, two questionnaires including Kim’s relationship marketing and purchase behavior questionnaires (2008) were used. After confirming their validity and reliability, these questionnaires were distributed among the sample. Sample was consisted of 430 spectators who participated in Foolade_Shahr Stadium to watch the Sepahan’ games using Morgan table. The research method was statistical -correlational and it was based on the structural equation model. The results of path analysis showed that relationship marketing has an impact on purchase behavior of spectators (β= 0.043, p≤0.05). Considering the findings of this study, approaches can be provided to determine the strategy of relationship marketing and evaluate the impact of this strategy on purchase behavior of spectators- as the main customers of football clubs.