@article{ author = {}, title = {Do pre-performance routines have a role in free throws accuracy of basketball players?}, abstract ={A significant portion of research exploring pre-performance routines in sport has focused on the behavioral and temporal characteristics of the routines. This study aimed to investigate the role of behavioral and temporal consistency in those pre-performance routines. The duration and dominant behavioral patterns exhibited before each free throw (N = 1025) were observed during a total of 60 Iranian Super League games. An intra-individual standardized score was calculated for duration of shots as consistency index for temporal pattern of pre-shot routine durations. Each player’s (N = 30) dominant behavioral pre-shot routines and success free throws percentage rate were identified, then each shot was classified as “routines followed” or “routines not followed”. Results revealed that players were more successful when they followed their dominant behavioral routines (64.66% success rate) than when they deviated from their specific behavioral routines (55.17% success rate). There was no significant correlation between the consistency index and free throws success percentage in observed shots. The results suggest that players in Iranian Basketball Super League solely benefit from behavioral patterns of pre-shot routines in implementation of free throws. Moreover it seems that consistency in temporal pattern of shots duration is of less importance in successful shots}, Keywords = {Pre-shot routine , behavioral consistency , temporal consistency , Iranian basketball super league , basketball free-throws , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2210-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2210-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The Comparison of the Effect of Age and Object Location on the Hand Selection in the Reaching Task}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of age and object location on the hand selection in reaching task 120 right-handed children, adolescents and adults were selected as aur as a participant. Handedness was determined by Stanley-corn (1992) handedness Questionnaire. The tasks included lifting, reaching, and making actual use of three different objects. After the participants made 6 attempts, the objects location was changed. Each of the participants had to make 18 attempts. Data were analyzed through Two-way ANOVA and the significant level of 0/05 was used for all statistical analysis. The results showed that there is no significant difference in mean frequency of reaching in right hemi space among children, adolescence and adults (p;ge 0/05). But, there is a significant difference in the mean frequency of reaching in middle line crossing and left hemi space among children, adolescence and adulthood) p;le 0/05). The results also indicated that, Children, compared with adults and adolescents, used non-preferred hand in middle line crossing and left hemi space in reaching objects. In the same way, adults compared with adolescents, used non-dominant hand when reaching objects in middle left hemi space. So, in childhood, it is probable that the consolidation of the dominant-hand has not been established in adolescence, however, relying on dominant-hand to do the tasks increases. In adulthood, regarding the object location, tendency of using both hands, dominant- and non-dominant hands, increases.}, Keywords = {Object locations , preferred hand , reaching task , age gropes , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {11-20}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2211-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2211-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {A survey about individuals motives of participation intention in sports activity (Experimental test of the theory of planned behaviour)}, abstract ={Purpose: In this study, the theory of planned behaviour was used to better understand participation in sport. Method: This study used survey & cross-sectional method. Data were gathered from 360 student's university of Yazd. The collection instrument of data was planned behaviour scale revised. Results: Results from the empirical test of the theory of planned behaviour with students participating in sport activities showed that the items formed reliable scales (up ./75). Pearson correlation test demonstrated that three variables predictor's attitude, subjective norms and perceived behaviour control were related to participation of students in sport activities. The results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that attitudes in the first place and perceived behaviourcontrol in the second place and subjective norms in the third place were the dominant predictors in scale planned behaviour. Independent variables (attitude, subjective norms and perceived behaviour control) accounted for 47.5 unique variance participation intentions in sport. Conclusion:The stepwise regression analysis showed that attitude, subjective norms and perceived behaviour control predictors of explained partly of variance under study variables.}, Keywords = {Attitude , Subjective norms , Intention , Perceived behaviour , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {21-34}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2212-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2212-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Temporal distribution of attentional demands during a tennis serve}, abstract ={In the current research, the dual-task paradigm was used to examine the temporal distribution of attentional demands during a tennis serve. Twenty experienced tennis players to performed tennis serves. The participants were asked to respond verbally to an auditory tone presented at four probe positions (PPs) during tennis serves. The probe reaction time measure of attention was administered during four segments of a tennis serve including preparation period (PP1), from onset of backswing-loading (PP2), from onset of forward movement just before stroke in the exploding period (PP3), and after the stroke during follow-through (PP4). Reaction time was significantly longer when the probe stimulus was presented at PP4 than those of the other segments. Reaction time at PP2 was significantly greater than those of PP1 and PP3. The results showed a unique non-liner distribution of attentional demands for tennis serves. It appears that monitoring of proprioceptive feedback following movement begins, and that initiation of corrective sub-movements is necessary for skillful performance of tennis serves. So it is concluded that from a motor control perspective, PP2 is the most important segment during a tennis serve.}, Keywords = {Attention , dual-task paradigm , reaction time to probe stimulus , tennis serve , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {35-47}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2213-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2213-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The relationship among transformational and transactional leadership styles and personality of Physical education (P.E) faculty manager`s in Iranian universities}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between transformational and transactional leadership styles with the personality of Physical education (P.E) faculty manager`s in Iranian universities. Research method was a correlation and the statistical population (N=64) included all the managers and assistants of Physical Education Colleges in Iran. Data collection tool was the multi factorial leadership questionnaire MLQ, Bass (2006), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (GEPQ) and in a pilot study, the Cronbach's Alpha, were respectively estimated as 0.90 and 0.88. To analyze data descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results indicate that the change-oriented leadership style correlated with the extraversion personality correlated negatively and meaningfully (r=-0.577, p=0.001) and correlated significantly and positively with introversion personality dimension (r=0.547, p=0.001). Furthermore, there is a negative correlation between the action-oriented leadership style and the extraversion personality (r=-0.251, p=0.046) and there is no significant statistical relationship between stability, instability and introversion. The results of stepwise multiple regression showed that the only significant extraversion component is meaningful prediction in the development-oriented leadership style. With respect to the correlation of introversion and extroversion in choosing the leading style of managers and having understood that the personal characteristics make people do different actions and have different behaviors in different situations. According to the personality of managers, can place them in proper positions in an organization and take steps to determine appropriate managers. }, Keywords = {Transformational leadership , transactional leadership , manager`s personality , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {49-61}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2214-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2214-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The Relationship Between School Organizational Climate and Job involvement of Physical education Teachers in City of Rasht}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between school organizational climate and job involvement of physical education teachers in city of Rasht. The statistical population of this study were consist of physical education teachers in city of Rasht who were comprised of three educational levels (N=200). One hundred and seventy people (85%) participated in this study. The data were collected using the Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire Revision Secondary Schools (OCDQ-RS) with high validity (;alpha= 0.82) and Edwards and Kilpatrick Job Involvement Questionnaire with high validity (;alpha= 0.83). The data was analyzed by using Spearman Correlation Coefficient (p;le0.05). The results indicated that open school climate of primary, guidance, and secondary schools were in middle level. The findings of this study also indicated that organizational climate (R= o.67), and its dimensions of engaged teachers behavior (R= 0.56), intimate teachers behavior (R= 0.66) and supportive managers behavior were positively significant related to teacher job involvement, However, directive managers behavior (R= -0.56) and frustrated teachers behavior were negatively significant related to the teacher job involvement. Therefore it was concluded that, the relationship between behaviors of physical education teachers and supportive behaviors of school managers can effects on their job involvement.}, Keywords = {Open climate , Commitment behavior , Directive behavior , Intimate behavior , Supportive behavior , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {63-72}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2215-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2215-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The influence of advertising appeal type on pleasure and consumers’ arousal in sport service}, abstract ={The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of advertising appeal on pleasure and consumer’s arousal in sport service. Research method was the 3×2 between subjects quasi-experiment factorial design. The statistical population consisted of physical education and Non-physical education students at Tehran of university. 440 subjects were selected by using the stratified sampling. To data collection, From Russell & Mehrabian’s pleasure and arousal scale (1974), Zaichkowsky’s Personal Involvement Inventory (1994) were used. Their reliability obtained using the Cronbach's alpha 0.93, 0.90 and 0.89, respectively. The MANCOVA  results indicated that a main effect of the advertising appeal on pleasure in subjects who have observed an affective appeal is more than subjects who have observed a cognitive appeal [F(1,879) = 10.637, P ;le 0.001]. Moreover, the results indicated that a main effect of the advertising appeal on arousal in subjects who have observed an affective appeal is more than subjects who have observed a cognitive appeal [F(1,879) = 22.818, P ;le 0.001].}, Keywords = {Sport service , Advertising appeal , Pleasure , Arousal ,}, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {73-86}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2216-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2216-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The relationship between conflict management styles and performance of national sport federations heads}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between conflict management styles and performance of national sport federations heads. The statistical population of this investigation included presidents and vice- presidents of national sport federations. (According to 52 federations, they were 150 people) that all of them considered as the survey samples. According to the aims of survey standard questionnaire of conflict management styles (Putnam & Wilson) and Achieve (Hersey and Goldsmith) were used. Reliability of questionnaires was estimated by Cronbach Alpha that the coefficients for these instruments were r=0/82 & r=0/84. The data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results indicated that federations’ heads prefer to use collaboration and compromising styles first and then avoidance, accommodation and domination. In the case of performance, seven factors of achieve model in order were found as ability, clarity, validity, environment, evaluation, organizational support and incentive. There was a significant positive relation between performance and collaboration style and also significant negative relation between performance and domination & compromising, but there was not any relation between performance and avoidance accommodation styles.}, Keywords = {Human resource management , conflict , performance , sport federations , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {87-97}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2217-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2217-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The comparative study of Olympic education in Iran and selected countries}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to identify and compare the key indicators of Olympic education in selected countries to make suggested strategies for Iran. This research was a study in the library that performed through qualitative content analysis. The purposive sample was six countries included Australia, Canada, China, Russia, Greece and Iran. Data collected via websites, contact with Olympic education centers in selected countries and the check lists which were based on the studies. The content analysis method was used for analysis of data. The findings of this study showed that Iran has taken steps although all indicators, but its status is weaker than other studied countries. Constant contact with the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Sciences as well as making a study center and Olympic education website by the National Olympic Academy is the suggestions of this research.}, Keywords = {Olympic education , Olympism , Olympic movement , comparative study , Iran , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {99-117}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2218-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2218-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Study of Factors affecting on Attracting of customer\'s satisfaction from Iran\'s sport stores based on Kano satisfaction model}, abstract ={Customer satisfaction is the major concern and prerequisite for competitiveness in today’s global. This study aims to examine and categorize the factors affecting on Attracting of customer's satisfaction from sports stores in Iran with based on Kano satisfaction model. Research mehod was descriptive Statistics community includes all of the Iran sport stores` customers that between them. 5800 people selected by random selecting as a sample. Research tool in this research was a made researcher questionnaire based on a comprehensive study of the resources that it`s Reliability and validity were evaluated by current methods. To analyze data discritive statistics were used. The Results showed that to offer new products to market with satisfaction coefficients 0/433 was most important case among fundamental factors. Have appropriate physical environment of stores with satisfaction coefficients 0/765 was most important case among Functional factors and having good information about the characteristics of goods by retailers with Satisfaction coefficients 0/864 was most important case among Motivational factors too.}, Keywords = {Satisfaction , customer , sport stores , Kano satisfaction model , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {119-133}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2219-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2219-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The Relationship between Motivational Climate and Player’s Satisfaction in Tehran Futsal Primer League}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between motivational climate and athletes' satisfaction. Population included all the adult players participating in futsal premier league of Tehran (N= 196) 153 people were selected by simple random sampling. Perceived motivational climate in sport questionnaire (PMCSQ) with 21 questions and athletes' satisfaction questionnaire (ASQ) with 14 questions were used as a data. The validity of Questionnaires confirmed by 6 specialists. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaires in a guide study was estimated respectively 0/82 and 0/89. Data were analyzed by using the ANOVA with repeated measures, Bonferroni post hoc test, depended t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient at p;le 0/05. The results showed that motivational mastery climate have higher average than motivational mastery climate. Also, there were significant differences between four aspects of the athletes' satisfaction, and players were more satisfied with coach treatment in comparison to other aspects. The results of Bonfferoni post hoc tests showed that the team performance satisfaction was significantly less than other satisfaction aspects. In addition, there was a positive and meaningful relationship between motivational mastery climate of the team with team performance satisfaction, individual performance satisfaction, coach treatment satisfaction, and coach training and instruction satisfaction. Meanwhile, there was a positive and meaningful relationship between motivational performance climate of the team and individual performance satisfaction. Therefore, the coaches can supply players' satisfaction through creating motivational mastery climate.}, Keywords = {Motivational mastery climate , Motivational performance climate , Players’ satisfaction , Tehran Futsal Primer League , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {135-148}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2220-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2220-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The role of job satisfaction in relationship between organizational culture and turnover intention in sport federations}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to determin the role of job satisfaction in relationship between organizational culture and turnover intention in expert of sport federations. Research instruments was Woodjob satisfaction (1986), Cameron and Quinn(1990) organizational justice, and cummann(1979) turnover intention Questionnaires. Reliability of research questionnaires after a pilot study approved. Cronbach's alpha of research instruments equal to 0/84, 0/93, 0/86 respectively. Statistical Society of the study was expert of sport federations and sample population included 227 experts. For data analysis and identification the effect of research variable structural equation modeling used. Findings showed, the effect of Organizational culture on job satisfaction is significant (;beta=0/635, t=15/97), and on turnover intention was negative. (;beta=-0/185, t=2/11). Also finding showed that the effect of job satisfaction on turnover intention is significant and negative effect (;beta=-0/225, t=2/39). Other finding of research is that indirect effect of organizational culture (;beta=-0/328, t=5/21) on turnover intention greater than direct effect of it (-1/96;le T value ;le+1/96). Generaly, can be said, to create an strong organizational culture, officials headquarters of sport federations, should be Aligned Their strategic plans together, thereby provide the proper background for achievement of organizational and individual goals, that improve the level of job satisfaction of staffs  and decrease the level of turnover intention of their}, Keywords = {Organizational culture , Job Satisfaction , Turnover Intention , Sport Federation , }, volume = {4}, Number = {8}, pages = {149-162}, publisher = {}, url = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2222-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrsm.khu.ac.ir/article-1-2222-en.pdf}, journal = {Research in Sport Management and Motor Behavior}, issn = {2252-0716}, eissn = {2716-9855}, year = {2014} }