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The effect of attention during modeling on children learning aiming task: Comparison of verbal instructions and perceptual highlighting
Shahrooz Shadrooz1 , Fatemeh Rezaei 2, Ayub Asadi3
1- semnan university
2- semnan university , f_rezaee@semnan.ac.ir
3- tehran university
Abstract:   (2273 Views)
This research aimed to investigate the effect of directing attention in the form of verbal instructions and perceptual highlighting during modeling on children's learning of targeting skills. The current research was a semi-experimental type of research with a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population of this research included all male students between 7 and 10 years old in Bojnord primary schools (N = 560) who were studying in the first grade in the academic. 60 people from three groups were selected purposefully. The tools of current research included a number of video monitors, a vision tracker, a tennis ball, and a sable at a distance of 3 meters from the line of the throwing place on the wall. Subjects were divided into four training groups: internal focus modeling through instructions, external focus modeling through instructions, internal focus modeling through perceptual highlighting, and external focus modeling through perceptual highlighting. In the acquisition phase, all 4 groups performed 3 blocks of 10 each including 30 over-the-shoulder throws with a tennis ball during 5 sessions, and at the end of each session, they were tested and their scores were recorded by the examiner. The memory test was also performed after 36 hours of non-training. The data were used using the analysis of variance of the intersection test to investigate the effect of directing attention with verbal instructions and perceptual highlighting on motor learning in four groups at different stages of the test. Research results show that the two groups of perceptual highlighting with attention guidance (internal/external) in the phase of acquisition (P=0.005) and memorization (P=0.006) compared to the two groups of verbal instructions with Significant level (P<0.05) had better performance.
 
Keywords: Focus, Observational Patterning, Verbal Instruction, Perceptual Highlighting
     
Type of Study: Research | Subject: motor behavior
Received: 2023/10/18 | Accepted: 2024/01/17 | ePublished ahead of print: 2024/01/17
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