ارتباط بین انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی و وضعیت اجتماعی – اقتصادی جوانان شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد تمام گروه علوم رفتاری و شناختی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، مازندران، ایران.

3 استادیار دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی، قزوین، ایران.

10.22034/jrsm.2026.6992
چکیده
مقدمه و هدف: مشارکت در فعالیت‌های ورزشی تحت تأثیر عوامل فردی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی قرار دارد. شناخت عوامل مؤثر بر انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی می‌تواند در برنامه‌ریزی‌های مرتبط با توسعه ورزش همگانی و ارتقای سلامت جامعه نقش مهمی ایفا کند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطه بین انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی و وضعیت اجتماعی ـ اقتصادی جوانان شهر تهران انجام شد.
روش‌شناسی: پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی - همبستگی و به شیوه میدانی انجام شد. جامعه آماری شامل جوانان مراجعه‌کننده به باشگاه‌های ورزشی چهار منطقه شمال، جنوب، شرق و غرب شهر تهران بود. تعداد 130 نفر (65 دختر و 65 پسر) به روش در دسترس انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی گیل و همکاران و پرسشنامه وضعیت اجتماعی ـ اقتصادی استفاده شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی، آزمون تی مستقل و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد بین انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی و وضعیت اجتماعی - اقتصادی رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد (05/0>P). همچنین بین انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی با میزان درآمد، طبقه اقتصادی، سطح تحصیلات پدر، سطح تحصیلات مادر و وضعیت مسکن رابطه مثبت و معنادار مشاهده شد. نتایج همچنین نشان داد پسران از انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی بیشتری نسبت به دختران برخوردار بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: وضعیت مطلوب اقتصادی، سطح تحصیلات والدین و برخورداری از امکانات مناسب زندگی از مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر بر افزایش انگیزه مشارکت ورزشی جوانان محسوب می‌شوند. بر این اساس، ارتقای آگاهی خانواده‌ها، توسعه زیرساخت‌های ورزشی و فراهم‌سازی فرصت‌های برابر برای اقشار مختلف جامعه می‌تواند به افزایش مشارکت ورزشی جوانان کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Relationship Between Sports Participation Motivation And The Socioeconomic Status Of Youth In Tehran

نویسندگان English

Mehdi Shahbazi 1
Mohammad Taghi Khorand 2
Shaghayegh Modaberi 3
1 Professor, Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sports Sciences, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Mazandaran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Mazandaran, Iran.
چکیده English

Aim: Sport participation is influenced by numerous individual, social, and economic factors. Understanding the determinants of participation motivation can contribute to the development of effective strategies for increasing physical activity among young people. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between sport participation motivation and socioeconomic status among youth in Tehran.
Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted using a field-based approach. The participants consisted of 130 young individuals (65 males and 65 females) recruited from sports clubs located in the northern, southern, eastern, and western regions of Tehran. Data were collected using the Participation Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ) and a Socioeconomic Status (SES) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data.
Results: The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between sport participation motivation and socioeconomic status (p < 0.05). Significant positive associations were also found between participation motivation and family income, economic class, parental educational level, and housing status. Furthermore, male participants demonstrated significantly higher sport participation motivation than females.
Conclusion: Socioeconomic advantages, including higher family income, better housing conditions, and higher parental educational attainment, appear to play a substantial role in enhancing youth motivation toward sport participation. Policymakers and sport administrators should develop supportive programs and accessible facilities to encourage physical activity among young people from different socioeconomic backgrounds

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Education
Income
Participation Motivation
socioeconomic status
young people
Physical Activity
1.      Ghodrat Nama A, Heiydari Nejad S, Davoodi I. Relationship between socioeconomic status and physical activity of students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Journal of sport management. 2013; 5(16): S5-S20. (in Persian).
2.      Drenowatz C, Eisenmann JC, Pfeiffer KA, Welk G, Heelan K, Gentile D, et al. Influence of socio-economic status on habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior in 8-to 11-year old children. BMC public health. 2010;10(1):214. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-214
3.      Kondric M, Sindik J, Furjan-Mandic G, Schiefler B. Participation motivation and student’s physical activity among sport students in three countries. Journal of sports science & medicine. 2013;12(1):10.
4.      Rhodes RE, Courneya KS, Jones LW. Personality and social cognitive influences on exercise behavior: adding the activity trait to the theory of planned behavior. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2004;5(3):243-54. DOI: 10.1016/S1469-0292(03)00004-9
5.      Edros NNMN, Muhamad TA. Sport Participation Motivation among University Kebangsaan Malaysia Athletes. Charting a Sustainable Future of ASEAN in Business and Social Sciences: Springer; 2020. p. 157-63. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3859-9_15.
6.      Enshel M H. The psychology of sport from theory to practice.2002; translate by Mosaded A A (in Persian).
7.      Fuladian J, Sohrabi M, Attarzadeh H R, Farsi A. The Relationship between Sport Participation Motivation and Sport Orientation of Athletic Students. Olampic season. 2010. 4. 29-39. (in Persian).
8.      Aelterman N, Vansteenkiste M, Van Keer H, Van den Berghe L, De Meyer J, Haerens L. Students’ objectively measured physical activity levels and engagement as a function of between-class and between-student differences in motivation toward physical education. Journal of sport and exercise psychology. 2012; 34(4), 57-80 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.34.4.457
9.      Amado D, Del Villar F, Leo FM, Sánchez-Oliva D, Sánchez-Miguel PA, García-Calvo T. Effect of a multi-dimensional intervention programme on the motivation of physical education students. PLOS one. 2014;9(1):e85275. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085275
10.  Braithwaite R, Spray CM, Warburton VE. Motivational climate interventions in physical education: A meta-analysis. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2011;12(6):628-38. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.06.005
11.  Chatzipanteli A, Digelidis N, Papaioannou AG. Self-regulation, motivation and teaching styles in physical education classes: An intervention study. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. 2015;34(2):333-44. DOI: 10.1123/jtpe.2013-0024
12.  Johnston LD, Delva J, O’Malley PM. Sports participation and physical education in American secondary schools: current levels and racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities. American journal of preventive medicine. 2007;33(4):S195-S208. DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.015
13.  Piko BF, Fitzpatrick KM. Socioeconomic status, psychosocial health and health behaviours among Hungarian adolescents. The European Journal of Public Health. 2007; 17(4): 53-60. DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckl257
14.  Piko BF, Keresztes N. Sociodemographic and socioeconomic variations in leisure time physical activity in a sample of Hungarian youth. International journal of public health. 2008;53(6):306-10. DOI: 10.1007/s00038-008-7117-3
15.  Powell LM, Slater S, Chaloupka FJ. The relationship between community physical activity settings and race, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Evidence-Based Preventive Medicine. 2004;1(2):135-44.
16.  Nabavi A H, Hosein Zadeh A H, hosseini H. The effect of socioeconomic status and ethnic identity on social security. 2010.10(2). 9-19. (in Persian).
17.  Nourbakhsh P, mazarei E. A comparison of participation motivation in sport activities in school and university boy student athletes and its relationship with their sport goal orientation. 2006. (in Persian).
18.  Zahariadis PN, Biddle SJ. Goal orientations and participation motives in physical education and sport: Their relationships in English schoolchildren. Athletic Insight: the Online Journal of Sports Psychology. 2000;2(1):1-12. DOI: 10.1123/pes.5.3.210
19.  Benar N, Loghmani M. Comparison between sport participation motivation and goal-orientation of youth athletes: the role of parents' education level. 2012(12). (in Persian).
20.  Razavi M H. Teheri O R. Investigation of socio-economic status of individuals participating in public sport activities in Mazandaran province. 2011, 5, 21-34. (in Persian).
21.  Duncan M, Woodfield L, Al‐Nakeeb Y, Nevill 1 A. The impact of socio‐economic status on the physical activity levels of British Secondary School Children. European Journal of Physical Education. 2002;7(1):30-44. DOI: 10.1080/1740898020070104
22.  Ball K, Salmon J, Giles-Corti B, Crawford D. How can socio-economic differences in physical activity among women be explained? A qualitative study. Women & health. 2006;43(1):93-113. DOI: 10.1300/J013v43n01_06
23.  Brown JV, Rusinova NL, editors. Socioeconomic status and health-related lifestyle strategies in st. petersburg, Russia. University of Texas–Austin University at the conference on heath, institutions and cultures in the former soviet sphere; 2007.
24.  Kanters MA, Bocarro JN, Edwards MB, Casper JM, Floyd MF. School sport participation under two school sport policies: comparisons by race/ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status. Annals of behavioral medicine. 2012;45(suppl_1):S113-S21. DOI: 10.1007/s12160-012-9408-2
25.  Pulsford RM, Griew P, Page AS, Cooper AR, Hillsdon MM. Socioeconomic position and childhood sedentary time: evidence from the PEACH project. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2013;10(1):105. DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-105
26.  Brustad FJ. Attraction to Physical Activity in Urban Schoolchildren: Parental. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 1996;67:3. DOI: 10.1080/02701367.1996.10607959
27.  Brustad RJ. Who will go out and play? Parental and psychological influences on children’s attraction to physical activity. Pediatric exercise science. 1993;5(3):210-23. DOI: 10.1123/pes.5.3.210
28.  Weinberg R, Tenenbaum G, McKenzie A, Jackson S, Anshel M, Grove R, et al. Motivation for youth participation in sport and physical activity: relationships to culture, self-reported activity levels, and gender. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 2000; 2(31): 31-46.
29.  Gill DL, Gross JB, Huddleston S. Participation motivation in youth sports. International journal of sport psychology. 1983.
30.  Shafi Zadeh M. Validity and Reliability of the Sport Participation Motivation Questionnaire. Research in sports science.2005;5(14):15-31. (in Persian).
31.  Kantomaa MT, Tammelin TH, Näyhä S, Taanila AM. Adolescents' physical activity in relation to family income and parents' education. Preventive medicine. 2007;44(5):410-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.01.016
32.  Jafari Gh. Relationship between socioeconomic status of family and motor skills of third grade elementary school students in Khawaf.1995. Master Thesis. (in Persian).
Shi Z, Lien N, Kumar BN, Holmboe-Ottesen G. Physical activity and associated socio-demographic factors among school adolescents in Jiangsu Province, China. Preventive medicine. 2006;43(3):218-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.04.029

  • تاریخ دریافت 02 اسفند 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 26 اردیبهشت 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 05 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 10 تیر 1405